The Noble Qur'an, as a divine scripture, is not merely a collection of revealed verses but encompasses a coherent, scientific, and philosophical system that addresses all doubts and objections within its own logical and rational framework. Verse 92 of Surah Al-Baqarah, by addressing the guidance of the Children of Israel by Moses (peace be upon him) and their subsequent deviation towards the worship of the calf, raises profound questions in the domain of exegesis and religious epistemology. This verse, referencing the coming of clear proofs (bayyinat) and attributing injustice to the people, provides the basis for a key inquiry: Is the injustice of the people due to their deviation in calf worship, or is the absence of Moses (peace be upon him) the primary cause of this deviation? This question not only necessitates precise analysis of the verse but also invites a reconsideration of exegetical methods and the essential scientific perspective towards the Qur'an. In this treatise, adopting a scientific and logical approach, the verse is examined and comprehensive responses to the raised objection are furnished utilising affirmative and refutative arguments. The objective is to elucidate the Qur'ans coherent structure as a mathematically and philosophically systematic entity wherein each question contains its own answer within itself.
وَلَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ مُوسَىٰ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ ثُمَّ اتَّخَذْتُمُ الْعِجْلَ مِن بَعْدِهِ وَأَنْتُمْ ظَالِمُونَ
And indeed, Moses came to you with clear proofs, then you took the calf after him, while you were wrongdoers.
The objection raised in the exegesis of this verse concerns the apparent contradiction in attributing injustice to the Children of Israel. The question arises: Is the injustice of the people (wa antum dhlimn) a consequence of their deviation in worshipping the calf, or is the absence of Moses (peace be upon him) (min badihi) the principal cause of this deviation? If the absence of Moses was the catalyst for the deviation, then attributing injustice to the people appears unjust, as Moses departure might transfer the responsibility to him. This inquiry challenges the assignment of responsibility in the peoples deviation and highlights the necessity for precise verse analysis.
Key Point: The objection in verse 92 of Surah Al-Baqarah refers to the apparent contradiction between the absence of Moses (peace be upon him) and the attribution of injustice to the people. This question sets the stage for a profound analysis of the verses logical structure and the necessity of a scientific perspective towards the Noble Qur'an.
In confronting doubts and objections regarding the Qur'an, posing questions should not be feared, for such objections frequently arise from overlooking a particular attribute or detail in the text. The Noble Qur'an, as a revealed text, is safeguarded from any imperfection, and the objections commonly emerge due to inattentiveness to the context or the logical structure of the verses. Addressing these objections not only deepens the understanding of the verses but also demonstrates the immunity of the Qur'an from erroneous critiques.
The Qur'an must be regarded as a scientific, mathematically structured, and philosophical system, rather than a mere collection of historical narratives or disparate reports. This celestial book possesses a coherent structure in which each question inherently contains its own answer, akin to a mathematical problem whose solution is embedded within the problem statement itself. This approach distinguishes the Qur'an from eclectic or narrative-based interpretations and underscores the necessity for logical and rational analysis.
Key Point: The Noble Qur'an is a scientific and philosophical system whose answers to all questions reside within its coherent and logical structure. This feature underscores the need for a mathematical perspective on the verses.
An experience narrated by a mathematics professor illustrates that mathematical problems fall into one of two categories: either posed by a non-expert and thus unworthy of solution, or if scientifically posed, their answers lie within the problem itself. This principle extends to Qur'anic interpretation. Qur'anic questions, if posed with precision, contain their answers within the text of the verses, obviating the need for external references. This viewpoint shifts exegesis from mere narration to logical and intratextual analysis.
Many questions raised within academic and scientific fields are considered unscientific due to the absence of logical structure. A question posed in a manner that does not demand a valid and scientific answer lacks merit. In Qur'anic interpretation, questions must be grounded in the context and logic of the verses to yield precise understanding.
Certain questions posed in religious science examinations, due to lack of scientific coherence, have weakened students analytical abilities rather than strengthening them. This issue necessitates reconsideration of questioning methods and pedagogical approaches to ensure alignment with scientific and logical principles.
In mathematical sciences, a scientific question inherently contains its answer without reliance on external references. This principle holds true in Qur'anic exegesis as well. The verses of the Noble Qur'an, as a coherent system, contain the answers to objections within themselves, and interpretation must proceed via intratextual analysis. This approach avoids scattered and incoherent citations.
Mathematical sciencesincluding arithmetic (discrete mathematics), geometry (continuous mathematics), astronomy (celestial mechanics), and music (mathematical and respiratory notes)possess a logical structure in which scientific questions inherently contain their answers. This structure, serving as a paradigm for Qur'anic interpretation, demonstrates that the verses also have a logical system in which responses to objections are embedded.
Key Point: Just as in mathematical sciences the answer is contained within the problem itself, so too in the Noble Qur'an are answers to objections embedded within the logical structure of the verses.
Interpreting the Qur'an by referencing other verses (yufassiru al-Qur'n badahu badan), if done without attention to the verses context, results in an unscientific and incoherent interpretation. Correct exegesis should be derived from within the verse and its context, thereby avoiding an eclectic and narrative-driven approach.
Verse 92 of Surah Al-Baqarah, by addressing the guidance of the Children of Israel and their deviation towards calf worship, provokes a key question regarding whether the injustice of the people was due to Moses absence or their inherently unjust nature. This inquiry highlights the necessity of a scientific and logical perspective towards the Qur'an. The answer to the objection lies within the verses coherent structure and can be extracted through intratextual analysis. Criticism of unscientific questions and eclectic interpretations underscores the importance of logical and reasoned methods in exegesis.
The objection posed in the verse concerns the apparent contradiction between the absence of Moses (peace be upon him) and the attribution of injustice
