The Holy Qur'an is a book which, in its luminous verses, manifests the boundless attributes of God and introduces the Divine through names and descriptions, each reflecting an aspect of His grandeur, wisdom, and justice like a mirror. This treatise, relying on the verses of the Holy Qur'an, examines the attributes of Divine Majesty and Perfection, striving to elucidate the meanings of these attributes through profound and meticulous analysis in the light of Divine verses for seekers of knowledge. The present discourse, composed with a structured format and eloquent language, endeavours to present these attributes not only as transcendent truths but also as beacons for human guidance and elevation.
One of the prominent Divine attributes in the Holy Qur'an is the attribute "Al-Ghalib" (The Prevailing), which denotes God's absolute dominion over all affairs. This attribute, like a radiant sun, reveals the unparalleled authority of God and demonstrates that His will is fulfilled without any impediment.
The attribute Al-Ghalib indicates that, unlike created beings who sometimes fail to realise their will, God encounters no obstacle in executing His divine decree. This attribute invites the believers to rely upon Divine authority and to avoid heedlessness.
وَاللَّهُ غَالِبٌ عَلَىٰ أَمْرِهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
(Srah Ysuf: 21)
"And Allah is predominant over His affair, but most of the people do not know."
This verse explicitly expresses the attribute Al-Ghalib and indicates that God is free from any hindrance in accomplishing His will. This sovereignty is not only a sign of Divine power but also a warning to humankind to refrain from disobedience and to trust in Divine wisdom.
The attribute Al-Mughriq (The Drowning One) is another attribute of Divine Majesty referring to the submergence of disbelievers in punishment. This attribute, sharp as a sword, manifests Divine justice in the face of disobedience and explicit disbelief.
The attribute Al-Mughriq serves as a warning to disbelievers that Divine chastisement awaits the transgressors. Contrary to the common perception of God as solely merciful, this attribute unveils Divine majesty in the execution of retribution.
فَأَغْرَقْنَا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ جَمِيعًا
(Srah Al-Baqarah: 50)
"So We drowned the people of Pharaoh all together."
This verse, referring to the drowning of Pharaohs people, introduces the attribute Al-Mughriq as an aspect of Divine justice. Through this attribute, God not only punishes the disbelievers but also warns others to abstain from enmity and disobedience.
The attribute Al-Q (The Judge) signifies God's equitable adjudication, while Al-Qi (The Decisive) and Al-Muqa (The Severing) imply sharpness and the separation of truth from falsehood. These attributes, like a keen knife, distinguish truth from falsehood.
The attribute Al-Q (mentioned twenty times) and Al-Qi (mentioned four times) exemplify Divine justice and decisiveness in distinguishing truth from falsehood. These attributes call believers to trust Divine justice and to shun disbelief.
إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِي بَيْنَهُمْ بِحُكْمِهِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْعَلِيمُ
(Srah An-Naml: 78)
"Indeed, your Lord judges between them by His judgement, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Knowing."
This verse highlights the attribute Al-Q as God's just judgement. The attribute Al-Qi is akin to a blade separating disbelief from faith, and Al-Muqa like an axe that dismembers falsehood. These attributes manifest Divine grandeur and justice in response to disobedience.
The attributes of Divine Majesty, such as Al-Ghalib, Al-Mughriq, Al-Q, and Al-Qi, disclose God's authority, justice, and decisiveness against disbelief and disobedience. These attributes invite the believers to reliance, piety, and vigilance, whilst serving as warnings to disbelievers that Divine punishment awaits them.
The attribute Al-Mughni (The Enricher) refers to the granting of sufficiency to the servants, whereas Al-Mustaghni (The Self-Sufficient) pertains to God's intrinsic independence. These attributes, like a pure spring, convey Divine blessings to the servants.
The attribute Al-Mughni manifests Divine perfection in bestowing blessings, while Al-Mustaghni reveals God's intrinsic self-sufficiency. These attributes call believers to gratitude and to avoid extravagance.
وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْغَنِيُّ الْحَمِيدُ
(Srah Al-Baqarah: 263)
"And indeed, Allah is the Free of need, the Praiseworthy."
This verse introduces the attribute Al-Mustaghni as God's inherent self-sufficiency. God, as Al-Mughni, renders His servants independent in both apparent and hidden matters, while as Al-Mustaghni, He is free of need for the worship of disbelievers and the needs of the universe. This attribute invites the believers to gratitude and avoidance of wastefulness.
The attribute Al-Fatt (The Opener) refers to the opening of matters, and Al-Fir (The Originator) to the splitting and creation of the heavens and the earth. These attributes, like a breeze that unlocks sealed gates, reveal Divine creativity.
The attribute Al-Fatt (mentioned once) and Al-Fir (mentioned fourteen times) denote Divine creativity and opening in creation and guidance. These attributes reinforce knowledge of God's unparalleled power.
فَاطِرُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ جَعَلَ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا
(Srah Ash-Shr: 11)
"The Originator of the heavens and the earth, He made for you from yourselves mates."
This verse introduces the attribute Al-Fir as the Originator of the heavens and the earth. The attribute Al-Fatt indicates the opening of difficult matters and manifests Divine wisdom and power in creation and guidance.
The attribute Al-Muqa-lib (The Turner) refers to God's ability to transform hearts and insights. This attribute, like a gardener who transforms a sapling into a strong tree, manifests Divine wisdom in guidance and testing.
The attribute Al-Muqa-lib signifies Divine wisdom in turning hearts from good to evil or from evil to good. This attribute invites believers to trust Divine wisdom in the vicissitudes of life.
وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَحُولُ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَقَلْبِهِ
(Srah Al-Anfl: 24)
"And know that Allah intervenes between a person and his heart."
This verse indirectly alludes to the attribute Al-Muqa-lib, which transforms hearts according to Divine wisdom. Such transformation sometimes results in guidance and sometimes in testing, inviting believers to reflect upon Divine wisdom.
The attribute An-Nam (The Excellent) refers to Gods supreme excellence in all attributes of perfection. This attribute, like a brilliant gem, embodies the comprehensiveness of Divine perfection.
The attribute An-Nam (mentioned nine times) manifests God's infinite perfection in responsiveness, ability, and support. This attribute calls believers to gratitude and reliance.
نِعْمَ الْمَوْلَىٰ وَنِعْمَ النَّصِيرُ
(Srah Al-Anfl: 40)
"Excellent is the protector and excellent is the helper."
This verse introduces the attribute An-Nam as God's excellence in all attributes of perfection. This attribute invites believers to thankfulness for blessings and trust in Divine assistance.
The attributes of Divine Perfection, such as Al-Mughni, Al-Fatt, Al-Muqa-lib, and An-Nam, reveal God's wisdom, creativity, and comprehensiveness in guidance and bestowal of blessings. These attributes invite believers to gratitude, reliance, and reflection on Divine wisdom.
The attribute Al-Mughfil (The Deceiver) refers to the deception of disbelievers and sinners, and Al-Mughwi (The Misleader) to their misguidance. These attributes, like a heavy shadow, demonstrate Divine justice in opposition to disobedience.
The Holy Qur'an portrays God as Al-Mughfil, who deceives sinners but shields the believers from this attribute. The attribute Al-Mughwi refers to the misguidance of disbelievers and serves as a warning to abstain from sin.
The attribute Al-Mumti (The Tester) relates to the testing of servants, and Al-Muma (The Purifier) to their purification. These attributes, like a furnace that refines gold, exemplify Divine wisdom in testing and elevating servants.
God, as Al-Mumti, tests hearts, and as Al-Muma, purifies believers through hardship and affliction. These attributes manifest Divine wisdom in guidance and elevation.
The attribute An-Ntiq (The Shaker) refers to the shaking of humans, and An-Nbih (The Thrower) to the casting of disbelievers into punishment. These attributes, like a storm awakening the heedless, exhibit Divine authority.
The attribute An-Ntiq (once mentioned) and An-Nbih (thrice mentioned) demonstrate Divine authority in shaking and chastising disbelievers. These attributes urge believers to awaken and avoid heedlessness.
These attributes serve as warnings to humanity to es
